The 37 GHz spectrum band presents a groundbreaking possibility for developing a spectrum-sharing framework between federal and non-federal entities in the U.S. According to a National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) report, the band is a focal point in identifying and enhancing spectrum availability. The Biden administration’s National Spectrum Strategy (NSS) emphasizes the midband spectrum, increasing the potential for dynamic spectrum sharing technologies.
This spectrum sharing effort involves five candidate bands, including frequencies up to 37.6 GHz. Recently, NTIA focused on the unique features of the 37 GHz band, presenting a “clean slate” scenario for innovation. There are limited current uses, thus offering a potential model for shared federal and non-federal access.
Significantly, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), in 2016, permitted shared use of the 37-38.6 GHz band with Department of Defense (DoD) operations. Likewise, the lower 37 GHz band allows co-primary sharing, requiring site registration for coordination. The upper band, part of the millimeter-wave spectrum, was auctioned by the FCC in 2019.
Potential applications for the 37 GHz band span multiple domains. This includes alleviating bandwidth constraints in venues and supporting VoIP calls, facilitating high-capacity backhaul, and empowering mobile and private networks for industrial IoT solutions. Similarly, federal uses aim for durability and overlapping capabilities, with the DoD exploring unmanned systems applications.
Access methods to the lower 37 GHz band outline a dual strategy. A “priority access” segment covering 200 megahertz (37.0-37.2 GHz) allows non-federal engagement, albeit subject to DoD preemption. Conversely, the “co-equal access” segment (37.2-37.6 GHz) promotes collaborative electoral sharing.
The report suggests a coordination framework, starting with simple propagation models to facilitate growth without interference risks. As NTIA notes, “We expect the second phase of coordination will proceed quickly.” Any disputes will involve NTIA and FCC mediation.
