The European Space Agency (ESA) and Spanish satellite provider Hispasat have initiated a new project named Q-Design, aimed at revolutionizing quantum key distribution (QKD) through satellite networks. The initiative will explore deploying QKD via geostationary and low Earth orbit (GEO and LEO) satellites, in addition to terrestrial systems, to ensure secure communications across diverse network types.
The consortium, composed of 15 partners, includes notable names such as Telefónica, Cellnex, SES, and Thales Alenia Space. Spanish financial institutions BBVA and Santander are also participating, highlighting the strong interest from the banking sector in quantum-secure data transfer.
QKD provides ultra-secure encryption that is resistant to the threats posed by future quantum computers, which are expected to easily break current cryptographic methods. Hispasat emphasized the urgent need for secure communication solutions, especially for critical infrastructure, government operations, and key sectors like finance and technology.
Traditional optical networks that support QKD struggle with long-distance transmission due to signal degradation. Satellite-based QKD, especially through GEO and LEO satellites, is seen as a solution to these distance limitations.
The first phase of Q-Design involves a feasibility study to determine the necessary satellite and ground infrastructure for integrating QKD across these networks. The goal is to deploy an operational QKD system by 2028.
